怎样写一篇作文？

出处：英文悦读公众号（魏剑峰）

我们在阅读以及写作举例时有时候需要用到一些西方文化背景知识（比如历史人物典故、地名、重大事件等等），那么有什么方法可以积累这些素材呢？

对此，我们可以专门阅读一些介绍西方文化的书，这里推荐一本：《西方文明简史》（英文版影印版）。

《西方文明简史》是一本美国大学历史教材，书籍的叙事视角非常宏大，从古希腊文明一直讲到21世纪的全球格局，书中对西方主要历史事件都有所涉及。这本书能够帮助你建立起一个“历史框架”，帮助你梳理各个历史事件之间错综复杂的关系。通读完此书后你会对西方历史有一个更加直观的了解。如果你不知道苏格拉底、柏拉图和亚里士多德的关系，如果你不知道马丁·路德是谁，如果你不知道19世纪的卢德运动（Luddite）是什么，那么强烈推荐你阅读这本书。此外，由于此书是英文版，在阅读过程中你还可以学到大量关于历史事件、人物和地点的英文表述，这能够有效增加你的词汇量。

今天要分析的作文题目是：

Foreign visitors should pay more than local visitors for cultural and historical attractions. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

这是读者投稿的习作：

习作/celesta

Foreign visitors should pay more than local visitors for cultural and historical attractions. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

In many countries, foreign visitors are charged more than local visitors to visit cultural and historical attractions. I strongly disagree with this idea.

To begin with, tourism contributes a lot to the economy of a country, for example, Indonesia. If foreign visitors are forced to pay more than local visitors, they may feel discriminated and not welcomed, which will do harm to tourism, as well as this country’s economy. In addition, there are often more domestic visitors than foreign visitors in most tourist attractions. Charging them differently makes little difference to the economy of the host country, so it is not necessary to charge foreign visitors more.

However, when it comes to some cultural and historical attractions such as museums and science centers where local people visit frequently, it is reasonable that local people pay less money for the tickets than foreign people.

Overall, it is not wise to charge foreign visitors more in cultural and historical attractions than local people in the long term.

这是我的点评版本：

In many countries, foreign visitors are charged more than local visitors to visit cultural and historical attractions. I strongly disagree with this idea.

To begin with, tourism contributes a lot to the economy of a country, for example, Indonesia. If foreign visitors are forced to pay more than local visitors, they may feel discriminated and not welcomed, and they may decide not to visit that country, which will do harm to tourism, as well as this the country’s economy. In addition, there are often more domestic visitors than foreign visitors in most tourist attractions. Charging them differently makes little difference to the economy of the host country, so it is not necessary to charge foreign visitors more.

However, when it comes to some cultural and historical attractions such as museums and science centers temples where which local people visit frequently, it is reasonable that local people pay less money for the tickets than foreign people; otherwise, some of them may be prevented from enjoying heritage sites in their own communities because of high prices.

Overall, it is not wise to charge foreign visitors more in cultural and historical attractions than local people in the long term.

思路分析：

Foreign visitors should pay more than local visitors for cultural and historical attractions. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

目前全球大多数景点对外国游客和当地人都收取同样的门票，但确实有部分景点会对外国游客收取更高的价格。这种做法有其合理性，合理性在于：很多旅游景点的维护和运营经费都要由当地纳税人承担，所以当地人实际上已经为这些景点付过一次费了，他们应该享受门票优惠。另外一个原因是对于那些当地人需要经常去的景点（比如寺庙），每次都向他们收取同外地游客同样的门票显得不太合理。

当然，对外国游客收取过高门票也会有很大弊端，因为这会让游客认为他们受到了不公平对待，影响他们对当地的印象，这可能导致一部分人不愿意去当地旅游，从而影响了当地的旅游业收入。

因此，这篇文章写成支持或者不支持题目观点都可以。下面是我写的一个版本，仅供参考：

习作/魏剑峰

For the past few decades most countries have witnessed a rapid increase in tourists into their borders, and there is an argument that foreign visitors to heritage sites should be charged more than locals. I completely disagree with this idea.

At first glance, higher prices for visitors from overseas seem reasonable, as most cultural and historic monuments are restored and maintained using government funding, meaning that local people already pay to these sites through the tax system. However, upon further reflection one would find that such an approach is at best short-sighted, at worst counterproductive.

Foreign tourists contribute to the economy of the host country not only by paying entrance fees to cultural and historical sites, but also by spending on a wide range of goods and services, including transportation, food and accommodation. The money they spend could be a boon to local businesses, the prosperity of which helps to create jobs for local residents. When foreign visitors have to pay more to visit holiday destinations in a particular country, they may feel that they are treated unfairly and decide not to visit that country in the first place. Over time, this will result in a decline in the overall number of tourists and the attendant fall in tourism revenue and employment opportunities, to the detriment of everyone. It is therefore wiser for important sites and monuments to charge the same price regardless of nationality, an approach that is adopted by many world-famous tourist attractions such as the Forbidden City and Buckingham Palace.

To sum up, considering the contributions foreign tourists make to the economy of the host community, it is important that these tourists be able to pay the same as locals.